The choice of valuation method depends on the category of property (apartment, single-family house, income-producing property) and its use (owner-occupation, letting). For condominium apartments, the sales comparison approach (Vergleichswertverfahren — valuation based on comparable properties) is usually applied; for single-family houses, the cost approach (Sachwertverfahren — the sum of the land value and the depreciated value of the building).
For typical “rental properties” such as commercial real estate or multi-family and apartment buildings, the income approach (Ertragswertverfahren) is applied. Among other things, it takes into account the current income, or the income sustainably achievable in future, and any contract terms.
For development properties and plots of land, the residual method (Residualwertverfahren) is sometimes applied.